Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes
Don Quixote, written by Miguel de Cervantes and published in two volumes in 1605 and 1615, tells the story of Alonso Quijano, an aging Spanish nobleman who loses his mind from reading too many chivalric romances. Believing himself to be a literal knight-errant named Don Quixote de la Mancha, he sets out to revive chivalry, defend the helpless, and win the heart of his imaginary lady-love, Dulcinea del Toboso.
Part 1 (1605)
• The Calling: Alonso Quijano renames himself Don Quixote, dresses in an old suit of armor, mounts his frail horse Rocinante, and leaves home to seek adventure.
• The Squire: Realizing a knight needs a squire, he recruits a simple local farmer, Sancho Panza, promising him the governorship of a future island.
• The Delusions: Don Quixote constantly mistakes reality for a magical world. He famously attacks windmills thinking they are giants, mistakes a local inn for a grand castle, and views herds of sheep as approaching armies.
• The Return: Sancho tries to serve as a voice of reason but often gets caught up in the madness. Eventually, Quixote's friends trick him into a cage and bring him back home to recover.
Part 2 (1615)
• The Meta-Narrative: Cervantes introduces a groundbreaking twist: the characters in Part 2 are fully aware that a book has been published about them.
• The Cruel Jokes: A Duke and Duchess cross paths with the duo and decide to exploit Quixote's madness for their own amusement, orchestrating elaborate, humiliating pranks—including giving Sancho his promised "island" government to see him fail.
• The Defeat: Don Quixote travels to Barcelona, where he is challenged to combat by the Knight of the White Moon (actually his hometown friend, Samson Carrasco, in disguise). Defeated, Quixote is forced by the rules of chivalry to give up his quest and return home.
• The Awakening: Back home, Quixote falls ill and finally regains his sanity, realizing the absurdity of chivalric romances. He denounces his knightly persona and dies peacefully as Alonso Quijano.

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